String Slicing and Operations on Strings

names = "Sindhu , Shilpa"
print(names[0:6])      #output = Sindhu
#print(names[1st index:(n-1)th index]) where (n-1)=5

'''
In Programming, counting always starts with 0.

Length of a String:
We can find the length of a string using len() function.
'''
print(len(names))#output = 15

fruit = "Orange"
len1 = len(fruit)
print("Orange is a" ,len1, "letter word.")
#output = Orange is a 6 letter word.

'''For functions, we use parenthesis and for string slicing, we use square brackets.'''

alphabets = "ABCDE"
alphabetslen = len(alphabets)
print(alphabetslen)      #output = 5
print(alphabets[0:4])    #output = ABCD
print(alphabets[ :4])    #output = ABCD
# In case, we do not put any index at the place of 1st index, Python considers it as 0 by default.
print(alphabets[1:4])    #output = BCD
#print(alphabets[1st index:3rd index]) i.e. including 1 but not 4
print(alphabets[:])     #output = ABCDE
#In case we do not mention any index within the square brackets, Pythons considers it as [0:5] i.e. [0:(n-1)] where n=no of last character when counting starts from 1

print(alphabets[0:-3])  #output = AB
#In this case, Python interprets it as print(alphabets[0:len(alphabets)-3])   i.e. there will be a deduction of -3 from the len(alphabets) i.e. [0:2]

print(alphabets[-1:-3])  #output = 
# Here, Python interprets it as print(alphabets[4:2]) (no sense)
print(alphabets[-3:-1])  #output = CD


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